How Do I Find and Test My Main Water Shut-Off?
The main shut-off is usually in the basement beside the water meter, where the service pipe comes through the wall or floor. Close it, open a tap to check the water stops, then reopen it. Do this once a year so it doesn't seize.
Request a plumberWhat will I see?
Either a gate valve with a round handle or a ball valve with a lever.
Where else might it be?
In older homes it can be behind shelving, inside a crawl space, under a basement stair or in a front-room closet. In apartments it may be in a utility room serving several units.
How do I test it?
Close it fully, open a tap on the main floor and make sure the flow stops within a minute. Then open the valve slowly to avoid a pressure surge.
What if it won't turn?
Don't force it with a wrench. Old gate valves can break and leave you with a leak you can't stop. The water utility can shut off at the street while a plumber replaces it.
What if it drips when I turn it?
A drip at the stem is common on old valves. Tighten the packing nut slightly, or have the valve replaced.
Why does it matter?
In a burst pipe, every minute counts. Label the valve and show everyone in the house. See emergency plumbing.
What about each fixture?
Sinks and toilets should have their own small shut-off valves underneath. If one won't turn or is missing, ask a plumber to fit a new one, so a single leaking tap doesn't mean shutting off the whole house. If you rent, ask your landlord to show you the valve on move-in day.
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